Prefabricated distribution boards, also known as electrical panel boards or switchboards, are essential components in electrical installations. They serve as centralized points for controlling and distributing electrical power to various circuits and loads within a building or facility. Prefabricated distribution boards are designed to accommodate different types of circuit breakers, switches, and other electrical components, making them versatile and adaptable to various applications. This essay will elaborate on the types and applications of prefabricated distribution boards.
1. Main Distribution Board (MDB)
The main distribution board (MDB) serves as the primary hub for electrical power in a building or facility. It receives power from the main switchboard or transformer and then distributes it to various sub-circuits and loads. Additionally, the MDB is equipped with circuit breakers, switches, and other protective devices, ensuring controlled and secure electrical distribution throughout the system.
2. Sub-Main Distribution Board (SMDB)
In addition to the MDB, the sub-main distribution board (SMDB) acts as a secondary distribution point. It receives power from the MDB and supplies electricity to specific areas or zones within a building. Furthermore, it includes circuit breakers and protective components, ensuring safe and efficient power management for designated sections.
3. Final Distribution Board (FDB)
After power reaches the SMDB, the final distribution board (FDB) serves as the last point before electrical loads receive power. It takes electricity from either the SMDB or MDB and then distributes it to individual circuits, such as lighting, receptacles, and equipment. Moreover, like other boards, it contains circuit breakers and switches, which provide enhanced circuit protection.
4. Motor Control Center (MCC)
For facilities requiring motor operations, the motor control center (MCC) is designed specifically for managing and protecting electric motors. It includes motor starters, contactors, and overload relays, allowing users to start, stop, and protect multiple motors efficiently. Consequently, MCCs are essential in industrial and commercial applications, where motor reliability is critical.
5. Power Distribution Board (PDB)
On the other hand, when dealing with high-power electrical loads, such as air conditioning units, elevators, and large machinery, the power distribution board (PDB) is the best choice. It houses circuit breakers and protective devices, helping to safely and reliably distribute power for heavy-duty equipment.
6. Lighting Distribution Board (LDB)
Meanwhile, for lighting circuits, the lighting distribution board (LDB) is specifically designed to power multiple lighting connections. Used extensively in residential and commercial buildings, it features circuit breakers and switches, ensuring structured control and protection for illumination setups.
7. Feeder Pillar
Finally, the feeder pillar is ideal for outdoor installations, including street lighting, traffic signals, and external equipment. Unlike other boards, it has a protective enclosure that safeguards electrical components from harsh environmental conditions, ensuring consistent and long-lasting operation in outdoor settings.